Human-In-The-Loop and State-Space Modeling in Healthcare Simulations
Inki Kim
Research Assistant Professor, Industrial & Enterprise Systems Engineering
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Abstract: This talk first aims to show how Human-In-The-Loop (HITL) advances healthcare simulation methods in clinical diagnosis, treatment, and education, and then to challenge the open issues of State-Space Modeling (SSM) for such simulation applications. Through the illustration of his ongoing healthcare-simulation research projects, Prof. Kim will explain the unique contribution of HITL, in conjunction with Machine Learning (ML), Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE), and Brain Computer Interaction (BCI), respectively. For example, one project illustrates the novel use of mobile Mixed Reality (MR) technology for self-administered assessment of neurocognitive impairment, geared toward precision diagnosis and prognostication of mild Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). Here, HITL in MR allows the implementation of an adaptive agent in MR that deliberately interacts with the patient to “disambiguate” subtle signs of neurocognitive impairment, while the agent’s cycles of action and perception is guided by using Reinforcement Learning. Another project illustrates viable ways that healthcare simulation expanded by Digital Twin (DT) will support decision-making and collaboration; specifically, a DT of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) with people in-the-loop, consisting of nurses, patients, electronic health records, and a robot, all running on the simulated hospital facility at the Jump Simulation Center, Urbana. In conjunction with MBSE, this DT helps build a co-simulation platform leveraging discrete-event and/or multi-physics simulation. Finally, in conjunction with BCI, he will describe how HITL along with neural network models including Autoencoder and Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) will construct a non-invasive brain-stimulation therapy to treat chronic migraine. He will revisit the above research projects from another angle of SSM, and attempt to abstract on modeling issues in the biomedical domain.
Biography: Dr. Inki Kim is a new Assistant Research Professor at ISE and an Adjunct Faculty at Health Care Engineering Systems Center (HCESC), a multidisciplinary research center at UIUC backed by $112.5 million in endowment support to foster collaboration between engineers and physicians. He is experienced with building various forms of interactive simulations including eXtended Reality (XR), Brain-Computer Interaction, and haptics, and pursues through human-in-the-loop (HITL), the scientific discovery of human information-processing, particularly the cycle of perception and action. He has authored over 45 peer-reviewed scholarly articles and book sections in Neuroergonomics, Human-Machine Interaction, and Modeling & Simulation, and has been recognized several best papers by the Institute of Industrial and Systems Engineers (IISE), and the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES). Prior to joining UIUC in 2019, he was an Assistant Professor at University of Virginia, where he received the Research Innovation Award and the Graduate Medical Education Innovation Award. He received a PhD in Industrial Engineering from Pennsylvania State University in 2015. So far, he has led over fifteen research projects sponsored by the U.S. Air Force, Systems Engineering Research Center (SERC), Samsung, Hyundai Motors, LG, IBM Korea, and more recently, through the Jump ARCHES program–throughout its 12-year record of awardees, he is the top 5 investigator. He is a 2023-24 Faculty fellow from the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) at UIUC, and is an active member of the Society for Modeling and Simulation (SCS), the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), and HFES.
