On average, English speakers utter around 16,000 words per day, most of it in interactions with other people. Yet, the language sciences have predominately approached language as if we use it for monologue, studying the processing of isolated words, sentences, paragraphs, or book excerpts. Even the psycholinguistic approach to dialogue has tended to ignore the dynamic, interactive nature of conversations, treating them as if they are all the same, akin to serialized monologues. In this talk, Dr. Christiansen will argue that we should view language as being fundamentally collaborative and improvisational, like a game of charades. Dr. Christiansen will present findings from recent quantitative analyses of dialogues in different contexts, illustrating how interlocutors work together and flexibly deploy different conversational devices multimodally to establish and maintain a common understanding. The results show that not all conversations are the same but, rather, are sensitive to variation in conversational contexts, including the native language of the interlocutors. Thus, conversations are much more dynamic and varied than typically assumed, requiring the language sciences not only to adopt a more dialogic perspective on language but also to reconsider the nature of linguistic representations.