Abstract: A quantum resource theory is a broad framework for studying some particular feature of quantum mechanics under a restricted class of physical operations. A paradigm example is the resource theory of quantum entanglement, which characterizes the behavior of multi-party entanglement under the restriction of local dynamics and classical communication. When viewed through the lens of a quantum resource theory, seemingly different quantum phenomena often emerge as having many formal similarities.
In this seminar, I will provide a survey of quantum resource theories and some of its applications in quantum information science. We will first motivate the topic by considering some well-known results in thermodynamics and statistical decision problems. We will then discuss some of the basic elements and common structural properties found in most resource theories. To see this formalism in action, we will consider in some detail the resource theories of coherence, incompatibility, and nonlocality. Elements of this talk will be taken from [Rev. Mod. Phys 91, 25001 (2019)]; [Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 120401 (2020)]; [Phys. Rev. Res. 2, 23298 (2020)].
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